Definition. Routine examinations, scaling, fillings, and preventive care.

When needed. Recommended every six months, or as advised, for examination, prophylaxis, and management of early dental disease.

Treatment overview. Clinical examination, radiographs as required, ultrasonic scaling and polishing, composite restorations, and oral-hygiene instruction.

Definition. Dental care for infants, children, and adolescents.

When needed. From eruption of the first tooth onward, and for management of decay, trauma, habits, and developmental concerns in children.

Treatment overview. Behaviour assessment, examination, preventive measures including fluoride and sealants, and restorative treatment where required.

Definition. Periodontal therapy for the management of gum disease.

When needed. Indicated in cases of gingivitis, periodontitis, gum recession, or as maintenance for patients with a history of periodontal disease.

Treatment overview. Periodontal charting, scaling and root planing, adjunctive laser therapy where indicated, and structured maintenance recalls.

Definition. Endodontic treatment to preserve a tooth with infected or inflamed pulp.

When needed. Indicated when the dental pulp is inflamed or infected due to deep decay, repeated dental procedures, cracks, or trauma.

Treatment overview. Diagnosis with digital radiographs, cleaning and shaping of the root canal system under magnification, three-dimensional obturation, and a definitive coronal restoration. Most cases are completed in one to two visits.

Definition. Correction of tooth and jaw alignment using fixed braces or clear aligners.

When needed. Indicated for malocclusion, crowding, spacing, protrusion, crossbite, or bite-related functional concerns in adolescents and adults.

Treatment overview. Records including photographs, study models or intraoral scans, and cephalometric analysis. Treatment is delivered through metal or ceramic braces, or clear aligners, with reviews every four to eight weeks.

Definition. Planned aesthetic rehabilitation of the anterior teeth using digital smile design.

When needed. Considered when patients seek correction of shape, shade, alignment, or proportion of the visible teeth, following a full clinical evaluation.

Treatment overview. Photographic and digital records, a digital smile mock-up for patient review, followed by the indicated combination of treatments. Provisional restorations are used before final delivery.

Definition. In-office bleaching to lighten the shade of natural teeth.

When needed. Indicated for extrinsic and mild intrinsic discolouration of natural teeth. Not indicated for restorations such as crowns or veneers.

Treatment overview. Shade recording, isolation of soft tissues, application of the bleaching agent in controlled cycles, and post-treatment sensitivity management. Results are reviewed at follow-up.

Definition. Thin ceramic laminates bonded to the facial surface of anterior teeth.

When needed. Indicated for discolouration, mild rotations, diastema closure, and minor enamel defects of the anterior teeth.

Treatment overview. Diagnostic mock-up, minimal tooth preparation as required, impressions or intraoral scans, and bonding of laboratory-fabricated ceramic veneers.

Definition. Titanium fixtures placed in the jawbone to replace missing teeth.

When needed. Indicated for replacement of one or more missing teeth, support for fixed bridges, or stabilisation of dentures.

Treatment overview. Three-dimensional radiographic planning, surgical placement of the implant fixture, an osseointegration period of eight to twelve weeks, followed by abutment and crown placement.

Definition. Extractions, third-molar surgery, and bone grafting procedures.

When needed. Indicated for impacted third molars, non-restorable teeth, pre-prosthetic preparation, and management of cysts or pathology of the jaws.

Treatment overview. Pre-operative assessment with appropriate imaging, surgical procedure under aseptic protocol, and structured post-operative care and review.